all kinds of Soap mostly made from animal fats and vegetable oils, mixed with a caustic chemical which we call it sodium hydroxide (also known as lye). The sodium hydroxide reacts with the oil to make soap. Most kind of detergent made from synthetic compounds .Saponification of fats and oils is widely used soapmaking process. This method involves heating fats and oils and reacting them with a liquid alkali to produce soap and water (neat soap) plus glycerine.
The other major soapmaking process is the neutralization of fatty acids with an alkali. Fats and oils are hydrolyzed (split) with a high-pressure steam to yield crude fatty acids and glycerine. The fatty acids are then purified by distillation and neutralized with an alkali to produce soap and water (neat soap).